Pregunta de Humanities and their Technologies #019e354a
The 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference was held with the expectation that countries would make their commitments to tackling climate change even more ambitious, in order to prevent the global temperature from rising above 1.5°C, a target that had already been discussed since the 2015 Paris Agreement. The pressure from the business sector, which took a strong stance at COP-26, had a positive impact. The Brazilian Business Council for Sustainable Development (CEBDS), through its "Business for Climate" movement, spearheaded the participation of 119 CEOs from major companies and 14 private sector institutions from sectors as diverse as agribusiness, food, aviation, electricity, pharmaceuticals, finance, infrastructure, logistics, paper and pulp, petrochemicals, health, technology, telecommunications, and retail. Brazil leaves the conference committed to fulfilling its goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels—previously, the reduction target was 43%.
According to the text, the commitment made by Brazil was a result of the tensions created by
riverside communities and cultural segments.
economic blocs and military institutions.
scientific groups and public universities.
supranational bodies and civil society.
Government agents and tourism demand.
Explicación Oficial / Explicaciones de la Comunidad
Analysis of the Text on COP-26
The correct answer is option A. D) supranational organizations and civil society.
1. Identifying the Sources of Pressure (Stresses)
The text describes the negotiation environment of COP-26 and points to two main sources of pressure that led Brazil to make a more ambitious commitment.
Source 1: Supranational Organizations
- The event itself, the **"26th United Nations Climate Change Conference"**The United Nations (UN) is a forum for international pressure. It is a supranational body that sets the agenda and creates the expectation that member countries (like Brazil) will increase their commitments. * The text mentions that the conference was held "with the expectation that countries would make their commitments even more ambitious," a pressure inherent in the diplomatic environment created by this organization.
Source 2: Civil Society
- The text explicitly highlights the role of a segment of civil society. The second paragraph states: "The pressure from the business sector, which took a strong stance at COP-26, had a positive impact." * He details this pressure by mentioning the "Brazilian Business Council for Sustainable Development (CEBDS)" and the "Businessmen for Climate" movement, which represent an organized part of civil society pushing for change.
2. The Result of Pressure
The combination of international pressure, exerted within the supranational organization (UN), with internal pressure from sectors of civil society (the business community), resulted in action by the Brazilian government, which raised its emissions reduction target.
3. Evaluation of Other Alternatives
- A) Riverine communities and cultural segments: The text does not mention the participation of these groups. * B) Economic blocs and military institutions: There is no mention of blocs such as Mercosur or military institutions. * C) Scientific groups and public universities: Although science underpins climate discussions, the text does not identify them as the specific pressure agents in this context. * E) Government agents and tourism demand: The government was the target The pressure, not the source. Tourist demand is not mentioned.
4. Conclusion
According to the text, the commitment made by Brazil was a result of tensions created by both supranational organizations, represented by the UN and the COP format, as well as by organized sectors of civil societyspecifically the business sector.